Circulating heater



J. L; BREES, JR 1,719,500

CIRCULATING HEATER July 2, 1929.

Filed Aug. l5, 1927 Patented July 2, 1929.

UNITED STATES 1,719,500 PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES L. BREESE, JR., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR' TO OIL DEVICESCORPORA- TION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Al CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CIRCULATING HEATER.

Application filed August 15, 1927. Serial No. 212,875.

My invention relates to a hea-ting device and particularly to ahydrocarbon burning heater. One purpose is to provide a simple,convenient, compact burner and heater for 5 home use. Another object isthe provision of such a heater which may be safely employed in adwelling or a room which may safely be closely approached. Other objectswill appear from time to time in the course i of the specification andclaims.

I illustrate my`invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings, Wherein- Figure l is a perspective view;

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken along the line 2 2 of Figure l;

Figure Sis a plan View; and

Figure 4 is a detail showing the supportin g structure;

Figure is a detail of the door.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specificationand drawings.

A A are angle iron frame members herein shown as forming a square orrectangle with f the supporting legs A1 at the corners. A2

are transverse supporting members upon which is seated the burner properwhich in the particular form herein shown includes a base membergenerally indicated as B. The base member has a more or lessconcavebottom portion B1 surrounded by the cylindrical upwardlyprojecting wall B2 from which outwardly projects the circumferentialflange B3. B4 is a centering flange upwardly projecting from the flangeB3. The upper edge of the wall B2 is circumferentially channeled as atB5. B indicates a lower closure member or shield, spaced beneath theburner base member B and supported on any suitable. means, forA exampleupon. the frame members A2 by means of the securing bolts BT and spacersBS. It is centrally apertured as at B9, about the lower enlargement orfuel inlet G5 of the base B, to which'is connected the fuel inlet pipeG11 The circumferential flange B3 of the burner member B is providedwith air inlet apertures B11.

Mounted on the flange B3 and centered by the flange B4 is the outer drumC. Seated in the channel B5 isthe inner drum C1 which is provided with anumber of primary air apertures C2 and has about its upper edge a singlerow of upwardly and inwardly inclined secondary air apertures G3, hereinshown as of greater diameter than the 'primary air apertures. Seated onthe upper odge of the drum C1 and extending outwardly over the upperedge of the drum C is the closure ring C4 with the lower centeringflange C5 and the upper centering flange C, Positioned thereupon andcentered by the flange-C6 is the upper drum C7 which forms a combustionand radiation chamber. It is provided with a cover C8, herein shown asconvex and a flue passage C9 in communication with the chimney C1".

Mounted on the channel members A is ,an outer housing formed of themetal sheets D and the reinforcing and connecting corner angle irons D1.Said housing may be preassembled and may be spot weldedor otherwiseAsecured together if desired. D2 indicates a cover member thereforhaving a plurality of transverse air outer apertur's D2.

The side members D may be provided with any suitable air inlet aperturesand I illustrate an air inlet member including a sheet of metal DI*provided with the ledges D5 beneath and between which air may flow. Theforward member D is cut away as at D6 to admit the passage therethroughof the inlet member C1 outwardly projecting from the drum C7. It isprovided with any suitable door C11. Referring to Figure 5 C12 is aperforated piece, or netting, or any other suitable member, having alarge number of relatively small holes. C13 is a shield member partiallyblocking off said perforated member, but penetrated by a cruciform aperlture C14.

Positioned between the drums C and C7 and the housing member D -is aninterme diate shield or housing member E, preferably open at top andbottom in order to per' mit a free flow of air therethrough about thecylinder C and C7.

In order to supply fuel to the burner I may employ one or more fueltanks G, preferably two, in thefrm herein shown. The details do not ofthemselves form any part of the present invention. Both tanks preferablfeed to a single vfuel inlet pipe G1 close by a valve G2 controlled bythe Valve Irod G3 adapted to be axially moved by' rotationv thereof bymeans of the handle or lever G2. G5 is a fuel inlet adapted to receivefuel along the line G1 and to deliver it to the bottom portion .B1 ofthe burner. l

An important Afeature yof my device is the employment of the inflowingair to e001 the bottom of the burner, including the mixing chamberbottom 'B and the supports therefor, and to prevent overheating thefloor. I am able to employ my circulating heater in dwelling rooms, overWood ioors or even over carpets without damage, wing to the fact thatthe normal inflow of air, upward about the mixing chamber and throughthespace between thegmembers B and B6 has a cooling and heat insulatingfunction. This obviates the using of an insulating support or pad, as isthe practice for example with the old line coal burning stoves orheaters.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practicaland operative device nevertheless many changes might be made in thesize, shape, number and disposition of parts Without departing fromshown aliquid hydrocarbon is supplied to l the lower portion B1 of theburner. It receives a primary air supply through the apertures C2, thehydrocarbon being va 0rizedor gasified in response to the radiant heatof the combustion taking place above. I so proportion the holes C2, orotherwise control the primary air supply, as to form a .relativelycompletely hydroxylated mixture.

This mixture is incombustible, or receives insuflicient air to supportcombustion, until it passes upwardly to the level of the seconde ary airapertures C3. Sufficient airrto support combustion is thereby suppliedand the mixture is burned oil", combustion taking place largely withinthe drum C7. The air supply passes upwardly between the supportingmembers A2, the bottom ofthe stove assembly being open, and the flangeBa be-l ing suitably cut away or formed to permit air to flow into thespace betweenthe drum C and C1. The waste products of combustion passoutwardly along the Hue C9 in the usual manner.

Instead ofexposing the drum Gland permitting the air of the room to beheated by radiation I prefer to circulate the air of the room through arestricted space about the heater. The cold air from the bottom of theroom is drawn upwardly through the open supporting frame and passesupwardly along the outside of thedrums C and C'. As it passes therealongit is heated and the heated air escapes through the apertures Da of thetop f the housing.. By employing the circulation principle a relativelysmall stove can heat a large volume of air and keeps the air incirculation, thus insuring the adequate and even heatin of large volumesof air and of a relative y large space. In the use of the commercialembodiment of my device, a single circulating heater may be employed toheat two or three adjacent rooms andsince the heated air is thoroughlycirculated I avoid the overheating of a body of air about the stove andthe consequent discomforts and disadvantages.

In order to cool the exterior housing and to make it safe for use indwelling I employ the intermediate open ended housing or screen E theinterior of which may, if desired, have a reflective surface, in orderto reflect back into the upwardly flowing stream of air the heatreceived. by it from the cylinder C". Air will also flow upwardlythrough the space 4between the shield E andI the housing members D butin order to prevent such upward stream of relatively cool air fromtaking ani undulylarge relation to the total circulation of air Iposition the shield E relatively close to the members D, as shown inFigure 2. Further, to cool the place between the shield E andthemembersD I admit air as at D5, above thevbottom edge of the shield E.

Referring to Figure 5 in the typeof window emplo ed the perforated metalor netting C12 a mits a slight amount of air, and thereby keeps itselfclean from soot b the action of the air entering the small oles. Thecross-shaped aperture is so designed that the frame can be observedeither by squatting down and looking through the horizontal port-ion orelse by bending over and looking through the vertical portion.

essential, in a natural draft burner, that the flame be clearly seenwhile operating under draft conditions. The perforated window abovedescribed is sufficient for this purpose and has the advantage, over thewell-known mica windows, of being kept entirely free.

from soot by the inllowingalr. v

I claim: 1 1. In a hydrocarbon heater, a combustion chamber and a doortherefor, an observation window in said door and an air inlet member insaid window having a plurality of 'It is a great advantage, and in factalmost l 3. In a circulating heater a supporting frame 'and feettherefor adapted to spa-ce such fra-me above the surface upon which theheater is Supported, a mixing chamber supported by said frame and meansfor supplyin a fluid fuel thereto, said mixing w cham r being providedwith a closed concave bottom portion, the bottom of said mixing chamberbeing spaced upwardlyl from said. supporting surface, means forsupplying air to said mixing chamber for the formation of acombustiblemixture, and means for directing infiowing air about the bottom of themixing chamber.

4. In a circulating heater a supporting frame and feet therefor adaptedtov space Such frame above the surface upon which the heater issupporteda mixing chambel and means for supplying afluid fuel .therefto, the bottom ofV said mixing chamber being i spaced upwardly .fromsaid supporting surface, means for supplying air to said mixf -ingchamber for the formation of a combustible mixture, and means fordirecting inowing air about the bottom of the mix-v ing chamber,including a shield` positionedbeneath said mixingl chamber and space`therefrom arid means for passing air' y through the space between 'theshieldand the'bottom of the mixing chamber. 5. In a circulating heater amixing cham-` ber and means for' delivering a'pfluid fuel j' 16. In a'circulating heater a mixing chamber and means for delivering Va fluidfuel thereto, means for spacing said mixing chamber upwardly from the*surface upon which the heater lis supported,-means for delivering air tothe mixing chamber and means forf directing 'a flowv of cool air, fromwithout the heater, against said bottom portion, including a shieldpositioned beneath "the bottom of theA mixing chamber and spacedtherefrom, and an air inlet in said shield.

7. In a circulating heater, a supporting frame, a mixing chamberpositioned therefrom', means for delivering a fluid fuel to the mixingchamber, means for circulating a' cooling current of air about theexterior of the mixing chamber, and means for de- .I livering air fromsuchfcooling current to thev mixing chamberA for mixture with the 'fueltherein.

Signed at Chicago, countyl of Cook, and

4Starte'of'Il1inois,this 1st day vofvAugust1 v192 thereto, means forspacing 'said mixing JAMES L. -BREEsE, Jn.

